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Mapping controversies (MC) is an academic course taught in science studies,〔Hess, DJ. Science Studies: An Advanced Introduction. NYU Press, 1997〕 stemming from the writings of the French sociologist and philosopher Bruno Latour.〔 〕 MC focuses exclusively on the controversies surrounding scientific knowledge rather than the established scientific facts or outcomes. Thus, it helps sociologists, anthropologists and other social scientists get insights not into scientific knowledge ''per se'', but rather into ''the process of gaining knowledge''. Thus, MC sheds light on those intermediate stages corresponding to the actual research process and pinpoints the connections between scientific work and other types of activities. ==History== The term "mapping controversies" was first suggested in relation to analysis of scientific and technological controversies,〔Latour., B. Science in Action: How to Follow Scientists and Engineers through Society, Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1987〕 and then lately re-affirmed as a widely applicable methodological approach going beyond the boundaries of Science Studies.〔Latour, B. Reassembling the social: An introduction to actor-network-theory. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005〕 It is usually used for the methodology that identifies and tracks down the polemics or debate surrounding a scientific fact, and utilises various visualisation tools to present the problem in its complexity. Recently Latour initiated the project "Mapping Controversies on Science for Politics (MACOSPOL)".〔(MACOSPOL ) www.macospol.eu Retrieved on 2009-02-16〕 The showcase website is mappingcontroversies.net 〔(www.mappingcontroversies.net Retrieved on 2009-12-21 )〕 In 2008-2009 several universities in Europe and USA started teaching "Mapping Controversies" courses for students in political sciences,〔(Sciences Po ) sciences-po.fr Retrieved on 2009-02-16〕 engineering,〔(MIT ) web.mit.edu Retrieved on 2009-02-16〕〔(Ecoles Polytechniques Fédérales de Lausanne ) mappingcontroversies.epfl.ch Retrieved on 2009-02-16〕 and architecture.〔(University of Manchester ) mappingcontroversies.co.uk Retrieved on 2009-02-16〕 An earlier attempt to stage controversies in museum settings took place at the (Gallery of Research ) in Vienna in 2005.〔Yaneva, A., Rabesandratana, T., Greiner, B. Staging Scientific Controversies: a Gallery Test on Science Museums’ Interactivity, Public Understanding of Science 2009, 18(1): (79-90 ).〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「mapping controversies」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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